Saturday, November 22, 1997 = Cheshvan 22, 5758
Parshat Chayei Sarah
Yes I was born on the Shabbat.
The Tanakh and siddur describe Shabbat as having three purposes:
- To commemorate God's creation of the universe, on the seventh day of which God rested from (or ceased) his work;
- To commemorate the Israelites' Exodus and redemption from slavery in ancient Egypt;
- As a "taste" of Olam Haba (the Messianic Age).
Judaism accords Shabbat the status of a joyous holy day. In many ways, Jewish law gives Shabbat the status of being the most important holy day in the Hebrew calendar:
- It is the first holy day mentioned in the Bible, and God was the first to observe it with the cessation of creation (Genesis 2:1–3).
- Jewish liturgy treats Shabbat as a "bride" and "queen" (shekinah) some sources described it as a "king".
- The Sefer Torah is read during the Torah reading which is part of the Shabbat morning services, with a longer reading than during the week. The Torah is read over a yearly cycle of 54 parashioth, one for each Shabbat (sometimes they are doubled). On Shabbat, the reading is divided into seven sections, more than on any other holy day, including Yom Kippur. Then, the Haflarah reading from the Hebrew prophets is read.
- A tradition states that the Jewish Messiah will come if every Jew properly observes two consecutive Shabbatoth.
- The punishment in ancient times for desecrating Shabbat (stoning) is the most severe punishment in Jewish law. In addition, the divine punishment for desecrating Shabbat, kareth (spiritual excommunication), is the most severe of divine punishments in Judaism.
- On Shabbat an offering of two lambs was brought in the temple in Jerusalem.
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