[Note] Introduction to the Kingdom of Life

The Kingdom of Life includes 5 main categories, Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protoctists and Bacteria. The first 4 are known as Eukaryotes, meaning they are made up on Eukaryotic Cells. Eukaryotic Cells carry their DNA in Chromosomes and/or a Nucleus. Bacteria have Prokaryotic Cell, meaning their DNA is loose in their cells and they dont have a Nucleus. Prokaryotic Cells are 10-100 times smaller than Eukaryotic Cells. Virus', while not living organisms, are 10-100 times smaller than Prokaryotic Cells.

Animals:

5-10 million different animal species.
Animals are multicellular, heterotrophs, and reproduct sexually.
(Heterotrophs get their energy from other organisms, aka eating.)

Plants:
300k Species.
Multicellular
Autotrophs, they get their energy from sun and photosynthesis.

Fungi:
Both multicellular and unicellular.
Fungi CANT photosynthesize.
Hetrotrophs technically, but are referred to as a Saprotroph.
Saprophytic nutrition is when they digest the food outside their body by secreting enzymes, breaking down food, then absord nutrients.
Some multicelled Fungi are made up Mycelium, which is a body made using loads of thread like structures called Hyphae.
Though rare, some Fungi are considered Pathogens, meaning they cause disease in humans.

Protocists:
Majority Unicellular.
Extremely diverse, some can photosynthesize, some consume other organisms.
A few are Pathogenic.

Bacteria:
Single Celled.
Live everywhere you can imagine.
Some can photosynthesize without Chloroplasts, but MOST feed off other organisms.
HUGE variety, but only a few cause disease.
A lot are helpful to us.

Virus':
Not living, or cells, they are called particles.
They are made up of a protein coat, surrounding genetic material.
They can only reproduce inside living cells, so they have to infect living things.
They are paraitic.
All virus' are pathogens.