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The whole life of stars is just a war between gravity (centripetal force) and energy emitted from thermonuclear reactions in the core of the star (centrifugal force) - gravity always wins
What's a thermonuclear reaction? A thermonuclear reaction happens in very high temperatures (in our Sun, this reaction happens at around 16 000 000K), and its the fusion of two atomic nuclei into a single, heavier nucleus - this releases a large amount of energy
Thermonuclear reactions in the beginning of the universe could basically only happen between two hydrogen nuclei, forming a helium nucleus. This happens in stars too, but if the core gets small and hot enough, helium nuclei are able to fuse into carbon and carbon can fuse with helium, making oxygen. In massive stars, the nuclei can keep fusing together making heavier elements like neon, silicon, and iron. Iron cannot fuse anymore, and this means the death of the star. Low-mass stars change into white dwarfs, and massive stars die in a supernova.
Stars are constantly shrinking - they continuously give out energy into space, often by emitting light
There are different types of stars, the first thing you can notice about them is their color. Low-mass stars (0,1 to 9 solar masses) are red or yellow, yellow stars being the more massive ones. Massive stars (9 to 150/200 SM) are white or blue. These are basically the main types of stars, and we can differentiate them by the letters O, B, A, F, G, K, and M, with O being the hottest (blue stars) and M being the coolest (yellow stars).
There are exceptions of course, and it's the white dwarf and the red giant. White dwarfs are basically the leftover core of a star, and they're very small but hot and bright. Red giants are basically the opposite, being giant, but cold and red (not bright).
feel free to correct me or add stuff in comments!
the next one is gonna be abt the life of low-mass stars :b
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Starvix
I do believe that the two forces are not to due with centripetal or centrifugal forces, but they are to do with what you initially said. Gravity is not to do with centripetal force, but is instead it's own force. Same with the energy released outward by the thermonuclear reactions within the star. They push outwards on their own, and centrifugal force implies it is based on the rotation of the star, which is not correct. Everything else though, seems to be mostly correct.
that makes sense, thanks for telling me ^_^
by Adrian; ; Report
Of course.
by Starvix; ; Report