★☆ grammar lessons with Lumi! ☆★

i often see people using “a” right before a vowel, but you’re actually supposed to use “an” in front of a vowel

example: i had AN egg

the reasoning for this, it’s easier to pronounce an in front of a vowel rather than an

 if you’re comparing things, you’re supposed to use “than” rather than “then”

example: i like pink more THAN purple

 then implies that you’re saying something along the lines of something happening after another

.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。..・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.

the yours/theres, “your” is used when you’re saying something is someone’s, “you’re” is used when you’re saying someone is something (you are), “there” is when you’re talking about a place, “their” is for when someone owns something, “they’re” is saying someone is something (they are)

(bonus, the you/you’res are used when talking about someone directly to them, the there/their/they’res are uses when talking about someone to another person)

examples: 

YOUR cat scratched me

YOU’RE beautiful 

the paper is over THERE

this book is THEIRS

THEY’RE looking at us

and there’s well, we’ll, ill, i’ll, (there’s multiple for well so i’m skipping it), we’ll is saying we will, ill is when someone is sick, i’ll is saying i will

examples:

she is doing WELL

WE’LL get the job done

she is feeling ILL

I’LL make sure he’s in good hands

you’re supposed to use an apostrophe on words such as “i’ll”, for some words it can affect the whole meaning

for other words it isn’t as important, so lets go over them

you’re (you are)

wasn’t (was not)

i’m (i am)

she’s (she is)

he’s (he is) 

they’re (they are)

isn’t (is not)

didn’t (did not)

there’s (there is)

can’t (can not)

haven’t (have not)

there’s probably a lot more but i can’t think of them

if you haven’t already noticed, in those words you replace the vowel with the apostrophe 

.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。..・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.

you’re  supposed to capitalize names, the word “I”, and the beginning of sentences, now i don’t capitalize I or the beginning of a sentence (it’s too much work for me), but i do always capitalize names

.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。..・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.

you’re also supposed to use quotation marks when you’re saying something you didn’t come up with, along with crediting the original creator, in certain scenarios, you can get sued for plagiarism by not using quotation marks, they’re called quotation marks because of the fact that they are commonly used in quotes, you can also use this for lyrics and things of that sort

example: “i don’t need no arms around me, and i don’t need no drugs to calm me” - Pink Floyd

(i just used the first lyric i thought of)

.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.

there’s certain things you use when describing something that has happened, will happen, or is happening, these are called suffixes

something in the past will use the suffix “ed”

example: happenED

something in the present will use the suffix “ing” 

example: happenING

something in the future will have no suffix

example: happen

similar to this, there is words used for the past, present, and future, these are the words you can use to describe something being done

past

did (example: she DID that yesterday)

present

doing (example: we are DOING work right now)

future

do (example: we will DO the work later)

you can also use the word “are” in sentences for both the present and the future, but you can only use are if you are referring to a group of people

examples:

they ARE doing the work right now (present)

they ARE going to do the work later (future)

now, you can use are for the future, BUT it’s better to use “will”

example:

they WILL do the work later

similar to the word are, you can use the word “am” for both the present and the future, am is used when referring to yourself, if you are referring to another person (without they/them pronouns) you will use the word “is”

examples: 

i AM doing the work right now (present)

i AM going to do the work later (future)

she IS doing the work right now (present)

he IS going to do the work later (future)

once again, you can use is or am for the future but it’s better to use will

.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。..・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.

let’s go back to apostrophes, apostrophes are used to shorten words, you can have 2 words and put them together using an apostrophe, apostrophes are also used when saying someone owns something

examples:

it’s (it is)

Lumi’s (Lumi owns this)

“Lumi’s” is saying Lumi owns this item, now, which one is which CAN be confusing, this is where you use context clues, context clues will tell you if someone owns something or if they are something, i’m gonna use “Lumi’s” in 2 sentences to show you

those are Lumi’s CDs 

Lumi’s a human too

if you couldn’t tell, the first one is saying Lumi owns the CDs, the second one is saying Lumi is a human.

if you want to say there’s multiple of an item you do not use apostrophes, 

example:

i had 2 plates

if you were to say “i had 2 plate’s”, you would actually be saying “i had 2 plate is”

you can also use apostrophes to refer to someone through another person

example:

Lumi’s mom

you are referring to Lumi’s mother, it’s almost the same as saying Lumi owns something, but Lumi doesn’t own his mom (duh)

.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。..・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.

there’s a difference between to, too, and two, they are all pronounced the same but they are used differently in sentences, here’s the examples

we walked TO the store

i liked it TOO

there’s TWO birds up there

it’s not common for people to mistake two with too or to, but it can happen

.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。..・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.

if you’re writing a sentence and you want to put a pause in it you would use a comma, if you make a long sentence without a single comma in it then there would be no pauses

here’s examples of the same sentence, but one has proper grammar and the other does not

examples:

You're right what's the point in saying that (improper)

You’re right, what’s the point in saying that? (proper)

see how the second one sounds better than the first? that’s because i added a comma and a question mark

.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。..・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.

proper punctuation can be important, punctuation consists of a couple of symbols, this section will be focusing on the end of a sentence, so we will be talking about question marks, periods and exclamation marks. periods are used when there isn’t really a special tone that you’re trying to use, question marks are used to indicate a tone of confusion or curiosity, they are used when asking a question, hence the name question marks, exclamation marks are used when indicating excitement, or sometimes even anger.

examples:

i saw the person too.

where are you going?

i can’t wait to meet them!

.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。..・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.

now, here’s some things you can do to make your sentences sound better! 

first, always add commas when pausing.

example:

well i don’t know

or

well, i don’t know

you can also say “rather than” rather than “instead of”

example:

i want pink instead of green

or

i want pink rather than green

you can say “such as”, rather than “like”

example:

i like games, like pjsk

or

i like games, such as pjsk

if you’re writing paragraphs for school or something similar to that, it’s good to use transitional words, such as “first” or “next”, there’s also more proper sounding transitional words, such as “additionally”

.・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。..・。.・゜✭・.・✫・゜・。.

thank you for reading this, i hope this helped you :3 

(DISCLAIMER!! I KNOW THERE IS MUCH MORE I CAN INCLUDE IN THIS AND I WILL INCLUDE MORE LATER, THIS WILL GET UPDATED OVER TIME)